Ch 21 Guiding Questions

1. What is a p-value?

2. What is an alpha level? When should it be set?

3. Where did the generally accepted .05 alpha level come from?

4. What is another term for alpha level?

5. How does 1 sided and 2 sided test differ in terms of the critical values for an alpha of .05, .10, or .01.

6. What confidence interval would you use to do a two sided hypothesis at an alpha level of .02?

7. What about a one sided hypothesis test at an alpha level of .02?

8. Describe the two types of errors that we can make when completing a hypothesis test?

9. Suppose a drug company is testing a new formula for a headache medicine. The original formula reports a 80% improvement rate. In a study of the new formula 192 of 220 patients reported an improvement in their headache sypmtoms. Describe in context the "cost" of making each type of error for a hypothesis test in this situation.

10. What is the power of a test?

11. What are two ways you can increase the power of a test?

12. How can we both increase power and decrease alpha?

Ch 20 Guiding Questions

1. What is a hypothesis in statistical terms? Do we prove a hypothesis?

2. What is a null hypothesis? Alternative hypothesis?

3. What does it mean to reject the null? Do we ever accept the null?

4. How is hypothesis testing like a jury trial?

5. Describe the four main elements of the reasoning of hypothesis testing (by the way, on an AP test question, each component is worth one point, so yes you need to show work for each part).

6. Describe the differences between one-sided and two-sided alternative hypothesis.

7. What is a P-value and how is it used in hypothesis testing?

8. How do confidence intervals relate to hypothesis testing?

Chapter 19 Guiding Questions

Answer the following questions:

1) Explain what a confidence interval is.

2) What does it mean to be "95% Confident"?

3) What statement should we make when talking about confidence intervals?

4) What is a margin of error?

5) What is the formula for finding confidence intervals for sample proportions?

6) If we want to be more confident, does the margin of error need to be larger or smaller? Why?

7) What is a critical value?

8) What assumptions must be made and what conditions must be met in order to use confidence intervals for sample proportions?

Chapter 18 Guiding Questions

Your guiding questions should be submitted to either Mr. Babel or Ms. McCarthy VIA Google Docs. You need to include your name and the chapter in the title for the google doc (i.e. McCarthy Ch. 18 Questions).

1) When using a Normal Model to describe distributions of Sample Proportions, how do we find the mean and standard deviation for our model?

2) What is the difference between the symbol "p" and "p-hat"?

3) What is sampling error? What is another name for sampling error?

4) What assumptions must be made and what conditions must be met in order to use a Normal model for sample proportions? Explain each assumption and condition.

5) Why are sampling models important in statistics?

6) Proportions summarize categorical data, what can be used to summarize quantitative data?

7) What is the Central Limit Theorem?

8) When using a Normal Model to describe distributions of Sample Means, how do we find the mean and standard deviation for our model?

9) What is standard error?

10) What assumptions must be made and what conditions must be met in order to use a Normal model for sample means? Explain each assumption and condition.

11) What is the difference between the sampling distribution and the distribution of the sample?

Rossman chance applet from packet http://www.rossmanchance.com/applets/Reeses/ReesesPieces.html